Excavator.



Patented Mar. H, I902.

J. B. WILLIAMS.

EXCAVATOR.

(Application filed my. 2, 1901.;

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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No. 695,020. Patented Mar. H, I902;

- J. B. WILLIAMS.

EXCA'VATOB.

' (Application Bled Nov.-2, 1901.) I (llu Model.) 3 Sheets-8heet 2.

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No. 695,020. Q .Pafented Mar. :1, I902. J. n ,-w||.uAms.

EX'CAVATDRQ Y (Application filed. Nov. 2, 1x501. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

m'tnegya", A Inventor; 7,744 JR. Williams. 7 06m 75 Tu: scams PUEBSI 2a.. Pmnou mo wasnmeniu, a ch UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. WILLIAMS, OF LINNEUS, MISSOURI.

EXCAVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 695,020, dated March 11, 1902.

Application filed November To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J our: H. WILLIAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Linneus, in the county of Linn and State of Missouri, have invented new and useful Im-,

provements in Excavators, of which the fol-' lowing isa specification.

My invention relates to self-loading and earth-carrying excavators; and the object of my invention is to produce an easy-running, strong, and efficient excavator to be drawn by a team and which will not cause any painful pressure or chafing of the neck-yokes of the team. I eifect this object by the construction represented in the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a top plan view of an excavator embodying my invention, showing one of the carrying-wheels in section, omitting the drivers seat. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the excavator, omitting the nearest carrying-wheel and the pinion driven thereby, the scoop plow being shown raised from the ground. WVhen in action, this scoop-plow is lowered, as indicated by the dotted. lines. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the box and the scoop-plow, showing the elevator, the spokes of the carrying-wheel being omitted. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of one of the elevator-flights detached. Fig. 5 is. an edge View of one of said flights, showing one of the chain-links to which it is secured. Fig.

6 represents a portion of the elevator-chain and one of the flights carried thereby. Fig. 7 is a front elevation, detached from other parts, of the plow-supporting stirrup,the yoke connected thereto, the lower end of the lever connected to the yoke, and the plow-braces broken away at their rear ends. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view showing the manner in which the elevator-bars are attached to the upper elevator-shaft. Fig. 9 is a front view of the nose of the scoop-plow, showing the manner in which the elevator-bars rest thereon. Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the box, omitting the scoop-plow and the axle.

1 designates the frame, which is a fiat bar bent around a block 2 and having its ends secured to the sides of the earth-receptacle 3-, hereinafter called the box. This box is supported by two carrying-wheels 4 4, mount- 2,1901. Serial No, 80,888. (No model.)

ed on an axle 5, which passes through the box, as shown in Fig. 1. The front side of the box 3 is cut away, as shown in Fig. 9, to receive and support the upper end of an inclined scoop-plow 6, which is a sheet-metal trough of approximately semicircular section. A nose or point 7 is secured to the lower end of the scoop-plow, the bottom of this nose being about horizontal when lowered for work. This nose and the lower end of the scoop-plow6 are supported by a stirrup 8, Figs. 2 and 7, a yoke 9, and a lever 10. The stirrup 8 passes beneath the plow 6, and its upper ends are connected pivotally at 9 to the yoke 9, which depends pivotallyfrom the short arm of lever 10. This lever is fulcrumed in blocks 12, secured to a transverse angle-bar 13, the ends of which are bolted to the frame-bar 1. (See Fig. 1.) At each side of the scoop-plow 6 is a plowbrace 14, made of angle-iron. The front end of each brace Li is bolted to the stirrup 8. The rear end of each brace 14 is mounted pivotally on a transverse rod or shaft 15, which will be described hereinafter. braces 16 16 connect the respective braces 14 to the pivotal points 9'.

Each carrying-wheel 4 is provided with an internal gear 17. On a transverse shaft 18 are rigidly secured two pinions 19 19, adapted to be driven by the respective gears 17. Shaft 18 is supported by two levers 20 20, which are fulcrumed onbrackets 21, secured tothe respective sides of the box 3. The purpose of mounting the shaft 18 movably is to permitthe pinions 19 to be moved in and out of mesh with the gears 17, as will now be described. Connected to each lever 20 is a chain 22, which is connected to a rod 23 through the intermediacy of a helical spring 24. The front end of each rod 23 is connected to a double lever 25, which is pivot-ally mounted on the axis or fulcrum of the hand-lever 10, so that movement of lever 1O will move the double lever 25 in the manner described hereinafter.

On the middle of shaft 18 is rigidly secured a sprocket-wheel 26, around which passes the elevator-chain 27. The chain is supported above the lower end of the scoop-plow 6 by Short an idler-sprocket 28, the shaft of which is supported by two angle-bars 29. The lower ends of these bars rest on the inwardly-turned upper edges of the nose 7, as shown in Fig. 9, and their upper ends are secured to bearings 30, which embrace the shaft 18. An intermediate roller 31 is also supported by bars 29 for supporting the chain 27 between the sprockets 26 and 28. Secured at suitable distances apart to special side links 32 of the chain 27 are flights 34, which are shaped to conform to the bottom of the scoop or trough 6, their function being to elevate the material loosened by the nose 7 when the elevator chain is propelled.

The bottom of the receiving-box 3 is composed of three plates 35, mounted on transverse rods 36 at their front edges, said rods being supported by lugs 37, secured to the box. The plates 35 are supported at their rear edges and also raised or lowered by chains 38, secured thereto and to slide-bars 39 39 at the respective sides of the box. Each slid e-bar is supported by two grooved pulleys 40. The front end of one slide-bar 39 (shown in Fig. 2) is pivotally connected by a double connecting-rod 41 to a crank-arm 42 on the rock-shaft 15, mentioned heretofore. Said crank-arm is preferably formed by bending the shaft 15 at a right angle. This slide-bar 39 at the opposite side of the box 3 is connected to a similar connecting-rod 41, which is connected to a hand-lever 43, the lower end of which is rigidly secured on the rock-shaft 15 as a means for turning the same. In Fig. 2 the dumping-plates 35 are raised, thus forming a closed bottom for the box 3. When the dumping-lever 43 is released from its detent 44, which normally holds it in forward position, the weight of the earth in the box 3 will pull down the plates 35, which will draw back the slide-bars 39 by the chains 38. The reverse movement of lever 43 will of course raise the plates 35 to their closed position.

When lever 10 is moved forward of the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2, the scoop-plow 6 is lowered, as will be readily understood. The farther back the said lever is pulled the higher the plow will be raised. When the upper (longer) arm of lever 10 is moved forward to the end of its throw, it strikes and pushes down the transverse portion of the double lever 25, which draws forward the rods 23 and chains 22, thereby throwing the pinions 19 into mesh with gears 17. The springs 24 hold the pinions in close mesh with said gears regardless of the movements of rods 23, and said springs also permit the pinions to yield if they are struck by small objects, which might become lodged in the teeth of the gears. When the upper arm of lever 10 is thrown back to its limit, the lower (shorter) arm of said lever in the last two inches of its movement engages and lifts the transverse portion of the double lever 25, which is then pulled back against the upper box 3 one cubic yard of earth in one minute in a distance of one hundred and twenty to one hundred and sixty feet.

The advantages of the tiller-wheel 46 are that it balances the machine, takes the weight off the neck-yokes of the horses, and prevents the side motion and"knocking, which are very injurious to the animals necks.

The drivers seat 51 is mounted on a spring secured to a plate 52,supported by the frame 1.

The operation of the excavator is as follows: The nose 7 is lowered by lever 10 to the desired depth in the soil to be removed, and at the same time the elevator-pinions 19 are thrown into engagement with the drivinggears 17, as explained hereinbefore. The flights 34 move up within the scoop 6, carrying the material into the box 3. When the box is filled, or nearly so, the dumping-plates 35 are lowered by releasing the lever 43, and when the machine has moved forward far enough to release said plates from the load they are lifted by moving the lever 43 forward again.

The scoop-plow 6 maybe made to form a smaller angle with the horizontal than is shown in the drawings without changing in any manner the construction of the machine. Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In an excavator, an internally-toothed carrying wheel, a shaft, a pinion secured thereon, meshing with said gear, a pair of levers provided with bearings for said shaft, brackets pivotally supporting said levers, chains connected to said levers, springs connected to said chains, rods connected to said springs, and a manually-operated lever connected to said rods,substantially as described.

2. In an excavator, the scoop-plow 6, the stirrup 8 supporting the lower end thereof, the yoke 9 pivotally secured to said stirrup, the leverlO connected at its lower end to said yoke, rearwardly-extcnding braces 14 secured to said stirrup, and the braces 16 connecting said braces to the upper ends of said stirrup, substantially as described.

3. In an excavator, the box 3, the pivoted dumping-plates 35 forming the bottom thereof, rollers mounted on the sides of said box, chains 38 secured to said respective plates and passing forwardly over said rollers, horizontal slide-bars 39 mounted above said rollers and secured to said chains, a rock-shaft 15, cranks on said shaft, links connecting said cranks with said slide-bars respectively, slide-barslongitu inallymhereby said plates and a hand-lever on said shaft for rocking may be raised or lowered, substantially as. the same, substantially as described. described.

4E.- Inan excavator, the carrying-Wheels 4, In testimony whereof I affix my signature 5 the box 3 the axle 5 passing through the box, in the presence of two Witnesses. V

the bottom of the box, comprising a plurality I t of plates, pivotally secured to the sides of the JOHN WILLIAMS box at their forward edges, the slide-bars 39, Witnesses: the chains 38 secured to said slide-bars and EDMOND D. STANDLY, 10 to said plates, and means for moving the F. LIFITGH. 

